Health development aims to enhance community health status. To achieve a high degree of health, the health of women as recipients, family members and health providers should play a role in the family, so that children grow to adulthood as a healthy young generation. Therefore, women should be given attention because:
1. Women face particular health problems faced by men who are not related to reproductive function
2. Women's health directly affects the health of children conceived and born.
3. Women's health is often forgotten and he was just as objects in the name of "development" as the program of family planning and population control.
4. Women's reproductive health issues have become among Indonesian International agenda agreed on the results of the Conference on reproductive health and population (Beijing and Cairo).
5. Based on the idea of women's health is the most important aspects due to its influence on children's health. Therefore, in women given the freedom to determine what is best suited to their needs by himself where he himself had decided on her own.
Definition of Women's Reproductive Health.
According to the Fourth World Conference on Women in Beijing in 1995 and Koperensi Population and Development in Cairo in 1994 has been agreed regarding the reproductive rights. In this case (Cholil, 1996) concluded that contained four main points in the female reproductive namely:
1. Reproductive and sexual health (reproductive and sexual health)
2. Determination of reproductive decisions (reproductive decision making)
3. Equality of men and women (equality and equity for men and women)
4. Security and sexual reproduction (sexual and reproductive security)
The definition of the meaning of reproductive health that have been accepted internationally, namely: as a state of physical, mental, social, complete in all matters relating to the systems, functions and processes of reproduction. It also noted that production rights based on the recognition of human rights for all couples or individuals to decide freely and responsibly on the number of children, imprisoned children, and to determine their child's birth.
Indicators of Women's Reproductive Health Problems.
In terms of reproductive health in more depth, not merely as an understanding of clinical (medical) but might also include understanding the social (community). The bottom line overall health goal that the quality of life is very good. However, social and economic conditions, especially in developing countries the quality of life and worsening poverty, indirectly also worsen the reproductive health of women.
Indicators of reproductive health problems of women in Indonesia, among others:
1. Gender,
The respective roles of men and women by sex according to different cultures. Gender as a social construction affects the level of health, and because of different gender roles in cross cultural context means the level of women's health also vary.
2. Poverty, among other causes:
* Food that is not enough food or malnutrition
* Inventory is less water, poor sanitation and inadequate housing.
* Not getting good service.
3. Low education.
Poverty affects the chance to get an education. Opportunity for schools is not the same for all but depends on the ability to pay. In difficult situations the cost is usually the boys are preferred because of the man regarded as the main breadwinner in the family. In case this is not just an influential indicator of poverty but also gender also affect on education. This educational level affect the level of health. Educated people usually have a greater understanding of health issues and prevention. Minimal to have an adequate education a person can find holes, taking care of yourself, and participated in taking decisions in family and society.
4. Young Married
In developing countries, including Indonesia, early marriage for women is still a lot going on (usually under the age of 18 years). This is a lot of cultures that consider if you do not get married at a certain age are considered not sell. There is also due to factors of poverty, parents quickly married off her children to escape their responsibilities and handed the child the woman to her husband. This means that young women have a high risk pregnancy at the time of delivery. In addition, the risk of mortality two times greater than women who marry at the age of 20 years. Other impacts, they dropped out of school, will ultimately depend on the husband both in economic and decision making.
5. Malnutrition and poor health.
According to WHO in developing countries including Indonesia estimated 450 million women are not perfect due to malnutrition in childhood, due to poverty. If any affluent, culture determines that the husband and the boys got a lot of servings and the best and last the mother eat the rest of the existing. Menstruating women since he will need more nutrition than men to replace the blood. Substance that is needed is iron that is three times greater than the needs of men. In addition, women also need more iodine than men, this deficiency will cause goiter harmful fetal development both physically and mentally. Women are also very susceptible to several diseases, including sexually transmitted diseases, because of their jobs or their bodies are different from men. One of the vulnerable situation is, that women's work is always associated with water, such as washing, cooking, and so forth. As we all know water is quite dangerous in the medium of transmission of bacterial diseases.
6. Work load is heavy.
Women work far longer than men, various studies have been conducted worldwide on average women work three hours longer. As a result, women have little time to rest, further occurrence of chronic fatigue, stress, and so forth. Women's health not only affected by time.
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