Types, needs, sources, deficiency and toxicity symptoms of Vitamin K

Types, needs, sources, deficiency and toxicity symptoms of Vitamin K. This vitamin is a vital requirement for the synthesis of several proteins including the clotting of blood. Also called the coagulation vitamin, this vitamin is responsible for maintaining consistency and freeze the blood flow when needed. Fat-soluble vitamins also play an important role in bone formation and maintenance of the kidney.

This type of Vitamin K

Vitamin K found in three different forms. The first is vitamin K1, or phylloquinone, is found and the resulting types of plants. The second is referred to as K2, or menaquinone, which dihasilan beneficial bacteria in the digestive system. And the third is a K3 or menadione is a vitamin made for those who are unable to absorb from food.

The entire vitamin K in your body is processed in the liver which will be used to produce substances that can make your blood freeze.Besides a role in clotting, this vitamin is also essential for bone formation, especially the type K1. Vitamin K1 is required so that the absorption of calcium for bones to be maximized and ensure it is not misplaced.

Vitamin K Cycle

As a cofactor to the carboxylase It produces gamma-carboxyglutamic acid, vitamin K has oxidation and reduction cycles COMPANY That Allows reuse. Important details of this cycle are:

Vitamin C (Normally K1) with Reduced vitamin KH2.

Oxygenation of vitamin KH2 provide energy to drive the carboxylation reaction, causing the formation of gamma-carboxyglutamic acid residues and the vitamin K oxide.

Vitamin K Oxide is Reduced by the others returned to vitamin K reductase, ready to enter another cycle. Warfarin anticoagulation dry and block the reduction of vitamin K to vitamin K oxide, explaining their antagonistic effect on this cycle

How much Vitamin K?

According to the standard RDA (Recommended Dietary Allowance), vitamin C a person needs depends on the weight. For adults, it requires at least 1 microgram per day per kg of body weight. So, if you weigh 50 kg then the need to reach 50 micrograms per day.

Sources of vitamin K

To meet the needs of vitamin K is quite easy because in addition to relatively small numbers, our digestive systems contain bacteria that can synthesize vitamin K is partially absorbed and stored in the liver. But once the body also need to get extra vitamin K from food.

Most sources of vitamin K in the body is synthesized by bacteria in the digestive system, but you can get vitamin K from foods such as liver, vegetables, green leafy, cruciferous vegetables cabbage (cabbage) and milk.Vitamin K is found in high concentrations in soy milk, green tea, milk cows, and beef and liver. The types of probiotic foods like yogurt that contains active healthy bacteria, can help stimulate the production of this vitamin.

Deficiency symptoms of vitamin K

If vitamin K is not contained in the body, blood can not clot. This can cause bleeding or hemorrhagic. However, vitamin K deficiency is rare because almost all orag get it from bacteria in the gut and from the food.

But the flaws can occur in infants because their digestive system is sterile and does not contain bacteria that can synthesize vitamin K, breast milk contains only small amounts of vitamin K. For the infants were given a vitamin K at birth.

In adults, deficiency can occur due to lack of consumption of vegetables or taking too long antobiotik. Antibiotics can kill beneficial bacteria in the gut that produce vitamin K. Sometimes vitamin K deficiency caused by liver disease or digestive problems.

Vitamin K toxicity

You can also experience toxicity vitamin K. This occurs only in people who receive a water-soluble vitamin K replacement. The symptoms are the hemolysis (destruction of red blood cells), jaundice and brain damage.Variety of sources.

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Functions, effects and sources of vitamin B

Functions, effects and sources of vitamin B. It could be the last one without a cause soreness is due to deficiency of vitamin B1, B6 and B12. These three vitamins are needed by the body to metabolize carbohydrates, fats and proteins into energy. Also to maintain the neural network. In addition to working for the metabolism of these three vitamins are also beneficial to the food materials that we encounter in everyday life.

What are the benefits of vitamin B1, B6 and B12 are?

Vitamin B1

Sources: brown rice, egg yolks, fish, beans and wheatThe benefits:accelerate metabolismimproving blood circulationoptimizes cognitive activity and brain functionprevent nerve damagerestore the center and edge of a nervous breakdown

Vitamin B6

Sources: dry yeast, meat, liver, kidney, fish, fats, nuts, rice, mashedThe benefits:accelerate metabolismassist the transmission of nerve impulsesboost immunitymaintaining the balance of mineral saltshelp of synthetic RNA and DNA

Vitamin B12

Sources: liver, fish, milk and other dairy, meat, eggs and seaweedThe benefits:prevent nerve damage

Formatting the formation of red blood cellsfacilitate the body's metabolic systemconvert carbohydrates, proteins and fats into energy Clearly, eating nutritious foods that contain the above three elements would be more enjoyable and secure. Especially when eaten with the family, colleagues and friends at a banquet.

At this transition season would be nice if we could keep and maintain our health, so avoid the diseases that often affect the result of decreased stamina. One way is to consume foods that contain adequate nutrients for the body.

Is not food ingredients containing vitamins B1, B6, and B12 are easy to encounter in everyday life?

Vitamin B Deficiency

Disruption of bad breath may sound trivial but it is quite disturbing.Some things are known as bad breath can cause, one of which was caused by a deficiency of vitamin B.Eating chewing gum or use mouthwash only provide a temporary solution, because it does not treat the underlying cause. In addition diligent brushing sometimes not enough.

About 10 percent of cases of bad breath comes not from the mouth, but due to vitamin B deficiency that causes bad breath originating from the stomach, as quoted from Mayoclinic.Vitamin B complex

helps the body make energy from food. When the body lacks this vitamin is produced enzymes to help digest food and reduce bacteria in the blood will be reduced.

This condition leads to an increase in 'waste' in the blood that lead to bad breath. Vitamin B complex deficiency symptoms that include dizziness, migraines and diarrhea.

The same thing is also found in the results of research studies that found Evelyn Roehl lack of vitamin B3 (niacin) will cause bad breath due to the reduction of metabolic processes in the body. Generally, adults should consume 14-16 mg of vitamin B3 per day.

In addition to vitamin B deficiency, there are also some other causes such as food (onions, meat, milk, sugar, eggs, coffee and alcohol), smoking, having a dry mouth disorders as well as oral hygiene and bad teeth.

To overcome this problem by extending to drink to prevent dehydration and mouth ekring, avoiding food triggers bad breath, use a mouthwash that contains folic acid if bad breath is caused by inflammation in the gums and check to the doctor if bad breath persists.

Food sources of Vitamin B

Vitamin B-1 (thiamin): 

function to assist in the process of energy from glucose and protein is important for nerve function.This vitamin can be obtained fromwheat, meat, milk, green beans, yeast, rice, eggs, etc.

Vitamin B-2:

Benefits: maintaining the integrity of myelin (the substance that surrounds nerve fibers and convey information), helps provide energy to the brain. Due to Deficiency Inhibits brain development in children and cause behavioral problems.Food sources that contain these vitamins are fresh vegetables, soybeans, egg yolks, milk, and many others

Niacin (Vitamin B-3)

mother of the benefits of this vitamin is a role in helping the brain produce the chemicals essential and helps manufacture proteins.Food sources that contain these vitamins among other fruits, wheat, yeast, liver, fish, kidney, sweet potatoes, meat, poultry, etc.

Vitamin B5

food sources that contain this vitamin ismeat, milk, green vegetables, kidney, liver, green beans, and many others.

Vitamin B6

benefit to us is Helping the brain produce the chemicals essential, role in making proteins.Food sources that contain this vitamin include beans, corn, rice, liver, fish, rice mash, yeast, meat, etc.Vitamin B 12

Sources of this vitamin are foods are eggs, liver, meat, and others.

from various sources.

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Functions and benefits of Vitamin A

Functions and benefits of Vitamin A. Maintain the vitality and health of the body, that's the main function of the vitamin. Carbohydrates, minerals and other - others require vitamins as a supplement in keeping our body health.Another function that is not less important vitamin that is, keep in shape, inhibiting the aging process, and also serves to accelerate the healing process. In this topic let us discuss thoroughly the Vitamin A:

Understanding Vitamin A
Vitamin A is fat-soluble vitamin that comes from two sources, namely retinoids and provitamin carotenoids. Retinoids, such as retinal and retinoic acid, found in animal sources like liver, kidney, eggs, and dairy products.  

Carotenoids such as beta-carotene (which has the highest activity of vitamin A) found in plants such as dark or yellow vegetables and carrots.The main biological function of vitamin A (as retinal metabolites) is in a cycle of vision. The study also showed that vitamin A may reduce the death rate from measles, prevent some cancers, helps growth and development, and enhance immune function. Vitamin A deficiency is rare in industrialized nations but remains a problem in developing countries.

Food sources of vitamin A
Vitamin A is found in dairy products, fish, dark-colored vegetables and fruits. Vegetables rich in vitamin A include carrots, sweet potatoes, pumpkin, spinach and cantaloupe. Milk, cheese, butter and eggs also contain vitamin A. Consumption of five servings of fruits and vegetables per day supplies 5-6 milligrams per day of provitamin A carotenoids, which provides about 50-65% of vitamin A for adults.

Benefits and functions of vitamin A
Vitamin A is essential for the maintenance of the epithelial cells of the cornea and vision. Vitamin A also helps the growth and reproduction of bones and teeth. In addition vitamin A also plays a role in the formation and regulation of hormones and helps protect the body against cancer (beta carotene).

Symptoms and signs of vitamin A deficiency
The first signs and symptoms of vitamin A deficiency is night blindness usually (difficulty seeing at night). Then there will be deposition of foamy (Bitot spots) in the whites of the eyes (sclera) and cornea can harden and form scar tissue (xeroftalmia), which can cause permanent blindness. Vitamin A deficiency also causes skin inflammation (dermatitis) and increase the likelihood of infection. Some patients experience anemia.Vitamin A deficiency can also prevent the growth of bones, or cause changes in bone shape, forming cracks and damage to the teeth and the cessation of growth of tooth-forming cells. In addition, vitamin A deficiency can affect bone and nervous system, and can lead to paralysis.

Dose of the daily requirement of vitamin A
Daily requirement of vitamin A recommendation by the U.S. Recommended Daily Allowance (RDA) for adults is: 900 micrograms per day (3,000 IU) for men and 700 micrograms per day (2,300 IU) for women. For pregnant women 19 years and older, 770 micrograms per day (2,600 IU) is recommended. For lactating women 19 years and older, 1,300 micrograms per day (4300 IU) is recommended.For children - children under 18 years of vitamin A upon the recommendation of the U.S. 

Recommended Daily Allowance (RDA) is: for children aged 1-3 years, 300 micrograms per day (1,000 IU) for children aged 4-8 years, 400 micrograms per day (1,300 IU), and for children aged 9-13 years 600 micrograms per day (2,000 IU).

Vitamin A toxicity
Vitamin A poisoning occurs when the binding protein has been fulfilled so that the vitamin A that is free to attack the body's cells.This does not occur if the vitamin comes from the daily diet, but this can happen when someone is using supplements of vitamin A.vitamin A toxicity have less specific symptoms such as headaches, dizziness, fatigue, malaise, blurred vision, bone pain and swelling, nausea, and / or vomiting. Poisoning can cause severe eye damage, high levels of calcium, and liver damage.

From various sources

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Benefits of Vitamin E

Already know that vitamin E is needed by the body, especially that used to care for beauty. Vitamins needed by the body very diverse kinds and one of them is vitamin E. Vitamin E is a class of fat-soluble vitamins. That is, the vitamin is present in the foods that are greasy, and the body can only be digested by the bile, the liver, because it does not dissolve in water. Vitamin E is needed by our body.

Some of the benefits of Vitamin E is:

-Can prevent miscarriage in women.

-Can reduce the burning sensation in the body and reduce depression in    menopausal women.It's important to maximize muscle function.

-prevent peroxidation of pigmentation due to the formation of higher unsaturated fatty acids.

-prevent hepatic necrosis caused by a deficiency of sulfur-containing amino acids and selenium.

-Vitamin E helps fight free radicals, which is beneficial to the skin and helps prevent the formation of wrinkles by preventing the oxidative damage caused by ultraviolet rays.

-Is protective of heart disease and diabetes.

-Prevent tissue damage in cases of ischemia and injury, reduce leg cramps and symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis, and has an anticoagulant effect.

-Vitamin E is useful in limiting the oxidative damage caused by smoking, and tissue damage from free radicals that are accelerated by an alcoholic.

-Protect the body from harmful tumor-Vitamin E reduces blood clotting in the blood vessels.

Another benefit of vitamin E

In addition to increasing endurance, help manage stress, enhance fertility, minimizing the risk of cancer and coronary heart disease, vitamin E has a very important role for healthy skin. Vitamin E to maintain, improve skin elasticity and moisture, prevent premature aging, protects skin from ultraviolet radiation damage, as well as accelerate the wound healing process.

Sources of vitamin E

Vitamin E is widely available in the oil produced from grain, such as peanut oil, bran oil, corn oil and sunflower oil. In addition, vitamin E is also found in green vegetables, cereals, liver, egg yolks, milk fat, nuts and butter. The important thing to remember about vitamin E, is easily damaged by high heat (cooking) and oxidation (exposure to oxygen). That is why, the best source of vitamin E is the food fresh, raw, or unprocessed foods.

more details more vitamin E sourced from:

Soybeans. 

Cheap food contains isoflavones which studies show can reduce wrinkles on the skin and facial kerur. Not only makes the skin firmer, isoflavones also reduce the risk of cancer. Once the paddle, two stone. That's a saying that sums up the soy. From now on, multiply eat soy foods like tempeh and tofu. You can also eat edamame.

Eggs.

The most popular food in Indonesia contains lutein and zeaxanthin which can provide protection against ultraviolet rays.Ultraviolet light alone affect the appearance of fine lines, dark spots to skin cancer. Consuming eggs regularly could also provide protection to the retina from ultraviolet rays.

Spinach. 

Super cheap vegetables proved to have exceptional nutritional great. Spinach contains vitamins that are good for the skin, namely vitamin E and vitamin C. besides spinach also contain lutein and zeaxanthin. Not complete nutrition in spinach? Do not hesitate anymore, lots of eating spinach every day for healthy skin.

Tomatoes. 

Fruit that you can find anywhere has a property that is not less powerful. Tomatoes contain lycopene which may lower the risk of sunburn and also reduce the risk of skin cancer. Many ways to be consumed with a delicious tomato, among others in the juice and the vegetable. No more excuses not to eat tomatoes.

Dark chocolate.

Hm ... you hear the word dark chocolate definitely tempted. Chocolate is famous for the content of endorphin hormone which can make people feel relax. Many women eat chocolate to improve her mood in times of PMS. But it was not only good dark chocolate to evoke mood. Chocolate is also very good for skin health. According to the study were able to eliminate the brown skin redness caused by sun exposure and reduce the risk of cancer. But remember the calorie content of chocolate is high. So do not be too often menkonsumsinya.

Broccoli. 

During this famous broccoli with calcium content. Even though it benefits more than that. Dark green vegetables also can you make a pledge to ensure adequate intake of vitamin E. Broccoli is known to have high antioxidant content. So frequently consume vegetables broccoli. Not only fresh and delicious, vegetable hair like this kriwil also rich in benefits.

Vitamin E deficiency symptoms

When blood levels of vitamin E in a very low red blood cell is damaged and torn. Red blood cell division process is called hemolysis eritrodit. This condition causes interference to the nervous system and muscles. Symptoms are perceived difficulty walking and pain that persists in the calf muscles. Low vitamin E levels in the blood can increase the risk of certain cancers of the lung, breast and gastrointestinal tract

http://sobatsehat.com/2009/09/12/manfaat-dan-akibat-kekurangan-vitamin-e-yang-wajib-di-ketahui/

http://www.kesehatan123.com/2409/vitamin-e/

http://www.inspirasisehat.com/evion-healthy-guides/118-makanan-yang-kaya-vitamin-e

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Type of fat-soluble vitamins

Type of fat-soluble vitamins. Previous post we discussed the vitamin that dissolves in water, we now discuss sidalam fat-soluble vitamins. said vitamin is already familiar to our ears. Every food we eat we must remember the content of vitamins in it.

Vitamins can be synthesized in the body to get raw materials in the so-called pro-vitamin foods, such as pro-vitamin A and provitamin D. Provitamin A, such as carotenoids, found in plants and in the liver is converted into vitamin A. Provitamin D, for example ergosterol, with the help of sunlight can be transformed into vitamin D.

Based on their solubility properties, there are fat-soluble vitamins

Fat-soluble vitamins are:

1) Vitamin A

Vitamin A can be obtained from butter, milk, cheese, egg yolks, liver, and fish oil. Vitamin A deficiency is one of the major problems in nutrition. Vitamin A deficiency can lead to various disorders such as abnormalities in eye sight. Needs of the body to vitamin A depends on age. Children and adolescents who are growing need more nutrients, including vitamin A. Another name for vitamin A and retinol is axerofthol.

2) Vitamin D

Vitamin D is made from irradiated ergosterol. Ergosterol obtained from yeast rest of the beer industry. Vitamin D was first discovered by Mc. Collum and Sherman. They call it a vitamin antirakhitis.Vitamin D can be obtained from the liver, eggs, milk, meat, fish oils, butter, and nuts.Function of vitamin D, among others, regulate levels of calcium and phosphorus in the blood, increase the absorption of calcium and phosphorus from the intestine, helping the process of reinforcement, as well as affect the endocrine glands work.

3) Vitamin E

Vitamin E is found by Evans and Burr. Vitamin E can be obtained from grains, meat, egg yolks, green vegetables, liver, vegetable oil, and margarine. Another name for vitamin E is tocopherol and vitamin antisterilitas.

4) Vitamin K

Vitamin K was discovered by Henrik Dam. Vitamin K can be obtained from green vegetables, soybeans, and liver. Vitamin K is important in blood clotting process because it can affect the manufacture of prothrombin in the liver. When the body lacks vitamin C, prothrombin in the blood will be reduced. Another name for vitamin K and vitamin antipendarahan is filokuinon. 

That is the type species in the soluble vitamins.

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Type of water-soluble vitamins

Type of water-soluble vitamins. Said vitamin memangsudah not foreign to our ears. Every food we eat we must remember the content of vitamins in it.In the healthy foods that contained vitamin is enough. Levels may be reduced due to prolonged boiling so that the vitamin is soluble in boiling water and evaporate the water together.

Some vitamins can be synthesized in the body to get raw materials in the so-called pro-vitamin foods, such as pro-vitamin A and provitamin D. Provitamin A, such as carotenoids, found in plants and in the liver is converted into vitamin A. Provitamin D, for example ergosterol, with the help of sunlight can be transformed into vitamin D.

Based on their solubility properties, there are water-soluble vitamin.

Water-soluble vitamin that is:

1) Vitamin B1

Vitamin B1 can not be stored as food reserves in the body.Therefore, the inclusion of this vitamin should take place continuously. Under normal circumstances required vitaminB1 as much as 1 -2 mg per day. Vitamin B1 may be obtained from wheat, liver, eggs, milk, and carrots. Vitamin B1 also called anti-beriberi vitamin. Vitamin B1 is needed for carbohydrate metabolism, affect the state of water in the body, affecting muscle contraction, and is required to affect the absorption of fat in the intestine. Another name for vitamin B1 and vitamin thiamin antineuritik.

2) Vitamin B2

Vitamin B2 can be obtained from eggs, liver, soybeans, wheat, vegetables, and butter. Under normal circumstances required vitaminB2 as much as 1.6 mg per day. Vitamin B2 deficiency can cause dermatitis and visual impairment in the form of blurred vision. 62 is another name for vitamin riboflavin, laktoflavin, or vitamin G.

3) Vitamin B3

Vitamin B3 can be obtained from the liver, fish, eggs, meat, dairy, fruits, and vegetables. Vitamin B3 is made by intestinal bacteria.Vitamin B3serves to maintain normal blood sugar levels as well as coenzyme-A in the metabolism of carbohydrates, protein, and fat. Another name for vitamin B3 is panthotenat acid.

4) Vitamin B6

Vitamin B6 can be obtained from green vegetables, meat, fish, and liver. Vitamin B6 to function in the formation of red blood cells and nerve cell metabolism. . Another name for vitamin B6 are pyridoxine and adermin.

5) Vitamin B11

Vitamin B11 can be obtained from green vegetables and liver.Vitamin B1 is a function in the growth and formation of red blood cells. Vitamin B11 is another name for folic acid.

6) Vitamin B12

Vitamin 812 can be obtained from the liver, fish, and milk. Vitamin B12 functions for growth, red blood cell formation, and healing anemia. Another name for vitamin B12 is cyanocobalamin.

7) Vitamin C

Vitamin C can be obtained from colored fruits such as oranges, tomatoes, watermelon, or in vegetables such as spinach, carrots, and cabbage. In addition to working to prevent damage to the skin, vitamin C can also boost immunity and reduce the risk of diseases such as cancer, heart disease, and stroke. Another name for vitamin C is vitamin antiskorbut.

8) Vitamin H

Vitamin H can be obtained from the eggs, vegetables, fruits, potatoes, and liver. Lack of vitamin H in the body can cause skin irritation. H is another name for vitamin biotin.That is the type species in water-soluble vitamins. and the next there is the type species in the fat-soluble vitamin, which will be discussed in the next post.

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